Overview

Aetiology

Numerous factors have been associated with an increased risk of RCC (Table 1.1).

Table 1.1 Some common aetiological factors in RCC, based on large, international, case-control studies.^1-5

This information has been provided with the kind permission of Börje Ljungberg

References:
1. Mellemgaard A, Lindblad P, Schlehofer B et al. International renal-cell cancer study. III. Role of weight, height, physical activity, and use of amphetamines. Int J Cancer 1995;60:350–354.
2. McLaughlin JK, Chow WH, Mandel JS et al. International renal-cell cancer study. VIII. Role of diuretics, other anti-hypertensive medications and hypertension. Int J Cancer 1995;63:216–221.
3. McLaughlin JK, Lindblad P, Mellemgaard A et al. International renal-cell cancer study. I. Tobacco use. Int J Cancer 1995;60:194–198.
4. Mandel JS, McLaughlin JK, Schlehofer B et al. International renal-cell cancer study. IV. Occupation. Int J Cancer 1995;61:601–605.
5. Schlehofer B, Pommer W, Mellemgaard A et al. International renal-cell-cancer study. VI. the role of medical and family history. Int J Cancer 1996;66:723–726.