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Hepatitis B and C
Please note- The EPG Hepatitis B and C Knowledge Centre is for Doctors and other Healthcare Professionals. Enter the Hepatitis B and C Knowledge Centre.
Hepatitis can be caused by many different things including viral infections, parasites, bacteria, chemicals, autoimmunity, drugs or alcohol. Of these, viral infection is the most common cause of chronic (long-term) hepatitis, which can lead to severe liver damage including cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are among the world’s most common infectious pathogens. It is estimated that 500 million people – 1 in 12 of the global population – are chronically infected with one or both of these viruses.1,2 The majority of these people live in the developing world and many of them are unaware that they are infected. Chronically infected patients are at increased risk of developing cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which together account for more than 1 million deaths annually.3
The hepatitis B virus is a resilient virus present in all bodily fluids of infected individuals. It is resistant to breakdown and able to survive outside the body. It can be transmitted effectively through contact with infected bodily fluids in the same way as HIV. However, HBV is 50–100 times more infectious than HIV.
Screening for HBV and HCV infection is crucial, not only to detect patients who may require treatment to reduce the risk of progression to severe sequelae, but also to reduce transmission rates.
The primary objective of therapy for chronic HBV is to achieve control of viral replication and halt disease progression/improve liver histology. This will decrease pathogenicity and infectivity and thereby stop or reduce hepatic necroinflammation.
Chronic hepatitis C infection may result in severe liver damage leading to liver failure, HCC and death. As a consequence, therapeutic intervention that can arrest, and perhaps even reverse, the disease before irreversible liver damage occurs.
Enter the Hepatitis B and C Knowledge Centre
What’s in the Hepatitis B and C Knowledge Centre?
- Home
- Hepatitis B: Prevalence
- Hepatitis B: Burden
- Symptoms and Sequelae of Chronic Infection
- Hepatitis B: Modes of Transmission
- Hepatitis B: Viral Features
- Hepatitis B: Genotypes
- Hepatitis B:Natural history
- Hepatitis B: HBeAg status
- Hepatitis C: Prevalence
- Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes
- Hepatits C: Natural history
- Hepatitis C: Symptoms
- Transmission of Hepatitis C Virus
- Hepatitis C: High Risk Groups
- Stigma of Hepatitis C
- Hepatitis C: Screening
- Hepatitis C: Diagnosis
- Viral Monitoring
- Long-Term Consequences of Hepatitis C
- Quality of Life
- Overview
- Hepatitis C: Pegylated interferon alfa combined with Ribavirin
- Hepatitis C: Pharmacology
- Hepatitis C: Efficacy
- Hepatitis C: Emerging Therapies
- Side Effects for Hepatitis C
- Hepatitis C: Therapy Goals
- Patient-specific Treatment Consideration for Hepatitis C
- Special Patient Groups
- Diagnostic Tests & Patient Monitoring
- Hepatitis C:Treatment Guidelines
- Aetiology
- Glossary
References:
1. World Health Organization. World Health Organization Hepatitis B Fact Sheet. 1998.
2. World Hepatitis Alliance. www.aminumber12.org
3. Lai CL, Ratziu V, Yuen MF, Poynard T. Viral hepatitis B. Lancet 2003;362:2089–94
- IntronA (hepatitis)
Chronic Hepatitis B : Treatment of adult patients with chronic hepatitis B associated with evidence of hepatitis B viral replication (presence of HBV-DNA and HBeAg), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and histologically proven active liver inflammation and/or fibrosis. Chronic Hepatitis C ... - Havrix Monodose Vaccine
... directly with the hepatitis A virus, sanitation workers in contact with untreated sewage. patients with chronic liver disease (including alcoholic cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis). close contacts of hepatitis A cases. Since virus ... - Pegasys 135mcg and 180mcg solution for injection in Pre-filled Syringe/Pre-filled Pen
... hepatitis B: Pegasys is indicated for the treatment of HBeAg-positive or HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in adult patients with compensated liver disease and evidence of viral replication, increased ALT and histologically verified liver inflammation and/or fibrosis. Chronic hepatitis C: Pegasys ... - AMBIRIX Suspension
... 15 years for protection against hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection. Protection against hepatitis B infections may not be obtained until after the second dose . Therefore: - Ambirix should be used only when there is a relatively low risk of hepatitis B infection during the vaccination course. - It ... - ENGERIX B
... hepatitis B virus infection (HBV) caused by all known subtypes in non immune subjects. The categories within the population to be immunised are determined on the basis of official recommendations. It can be expected that hepatitis D will also be prevented by immunisation with Engerix B as hepatitis ... - Zutectra
... hepatitis B virus (HBV) re-infection in HBV-DNA negative patients 6 months after liver transplantation for hepatitis B induced liver failure. Zutectra is indicated in adults only. The concomitant use of adequate virostatic agents should be considered, if appropriate, as standard of hepatitis B ...