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Meningitis
Please note - The EPG Meningitis Knowledge Centre is for Doctors and other Healthcare Professionals. Enter the Meningitis Knowledge Centre.
Meningitis is usually caused by bacteria or viruses but may also be caused by fungi and amoebae. The severity of the disease is dependent on the causal agent.
The main causes of meningitis include:
- Bacterial meningitis: Many different bacteria may cause meningitis but those with the highest incidence are Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
- Neonatal meningitis: Some forms of meningitis predominantly affect neonates, as newborn babies have immature immune systems and so are particularly susceptible to infection.
- Viral: Viral or ‘aseptic’ meningitis is the most common type of meningitis. It can be very debilitating but is generally far less severe than bacterial meningitis and is rarely fatal.
- Other: Viruses and bacteria are the most common causes of meningitis; however other organisms, such as fungi and amoeba, may also cause this disease, although these cases are extremely rare.
There are several risk factors associated with meningitis and the majority of organisms that cause meningitis are transmitted from person to person via droplets of respiratory or throat secretions.
Meningitis and septicaemia are often difficult to recognise at first as the early symptoms and signs of these two diseases can be mistaken for other, more common diseases. Both are life-threatening conditions which require urgent medical attention and immediate treatment with antibiotics.
Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing meningitis. However, there is no single vaccine that protects against all forms of the disease.
Enter the Meningitis Knowledge Centre
What’s in the Meningitis Knowledge Centre?
- Home
- Types/Causes
- Bacterial meningitis
- Neonatal meningitis
- Viral meningitis
- Other causes of meningitis
- Transmission
- Incidence
- Meningococcal Meningitis
- Pneumococcal Meningitis
- Hib Meningitis
- Risk Factors
- Symptoms
- Impact
- Identification
- Diagnosing
- Diagnosis of Bacterial Meningitis
- Neuro-imaging Studies
- Diagnosis of Viral Meningitis
- Clinical Features
- Treatment Antibiotic Treatment
- Anti-inflammatory Agents
- Reduction of Intracranial Pressure
- Surgery
- Chemoprophylaxis
- Anti-viral Therapy
- Non-pharmacological
- Referral
- Monitoring
- Vaccination
- Bacterial meningitis
- N. Meningitis
- S. Pneumoniae
- Viral
- Current vaccination policies in European countries
- Chemoprophylaxis
- Risk Reduction
- Web Links
- FAQ's
- AIDS
- Amoeba
- Antibiotic
- Antigen
- Bacterium
- Basilar skull fracture
- Capsular polysaccharide
- Carrier
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
- Chemoprophylaxis
- Conjugate vaccine
- Encephalitis
- Endemic
- Epidemic
- Epidemiology
- Fontanelle
- Fungus
- Gram stain
- Haemorrhagic rash
- Hib disease
- Hib meningitis
- Hib vaccine
- Hypoglycorrhachia
- Immunocompromised
- Immunodeficient
- Immunogenicity
- Immunosuppressed
- Meningitis C (MenC) vaccine
- Meningitis C conjugate (MenCC) vaccine
- Meninges
- Meningitis
- Meningitis belt
- Meningococcal disease
- Meningococcal meningitis
- Meningococcus
- Nasopharynx
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Neonate
- Pleocytosis
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)
- Pneumococcal disease
- Pneumococcal meningitis
- Pneumococcus
- Polysaccharide vaccine
- Septicaemia
- Sequela
- Serogroup
- Sterile
- Subarachnoid space
- Tinnitus
- Virus
- Ancotil 2.5g/250ml Solution for Infusion
... meningitis and severe systemic candidiasis it is recommended that Ancotil should be given in combination with amphotericin-B. Amphotericin-B may also be given in combination with Ancotil in severe or long-standing infections due to other organisms. In cases of cryptococcal meningitis, where toxicity ... - KEFADIM
... Gynaecological infections Intra-abdominal infections, including peritonitis Septicaemia Central nervous system infections, including meningitis. In meningitis, it is recommended that the results of a sensitivity test are known before treatment with ceftazidime as a single agent. Kefadim may be used ... - Meropenem 1 g Powder for Solution for Injection or Infusion
... intra-abdominal infections • Intra- and post-partum infections • Complicated skin and soft tissue infections • Acute bacterial meningitis Meropenem may be used in the management of neutropenic patients with fever that is suspected to be due to bacterial infection. Consideration should ... - FLOXAPEN Syrup
... and externa, Tonsillitis, Quinsy Other infections caused by Floxapen-sensitive organisms: Osteomyelitis, Urinary tract infection, Enteritis, Meningitis, Endocarditis, Septicaemia Floxapen is also indicated for use as a prophylactic agent during major surgical procedures when appropriate; for example ... - PREVENAR SUSPENSION FOR INJECTION
Active immunisation against invasive disease (including sepsis, meningitis, bacteraemic pneumonia, bacteraemia) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F and 23F in: - infants and young children from 2 months of age to 2 years of age - previously unvaccinated children aged ... - MENGIVAC (A+C)
Active immunisation against Types A and C meningitis ...
